INGREDIENT GLOSSARY

Persistent redness, visible capillaries, skin that burns with everything. Acetyl Tetrapeptide-40 targets the inflammatory mechanism behind them: what studies say and when it makes sense to use it.

Caffeine is one of the most widely used and overrated active ingredients in cosmetics. How does it really work on puffiness, microcirculation, and the appearance of orange-peel skin—and where does its effectiveness stop?

It’s not the flower that soothes, but faradiol monoester: the molecule that research also identifies as a quality marker for a calendula extract. How it works, which form to choose, and who should be cautious.

Avenanthramides, beta-glucans, and starches: the three molecules that make oats one of the best-tolerated soothing ingredients. How to read the INCI, what the studies say, and why a mask made with oat flakes isn’t the same thing.

In cosmetics, turmeric is not used as is: purified forms or tetrahydrocurcumin, which is colorless, are used instead. How does it act on reactive skin, what does the research say, and why is oral use a separate matter?

Resveratrol is the polyphenol that grapevines produce to defend themselves against environmental stress. On the skin, it neutralizes free radicals and protects collagen and elastin: how it works, what it is used for, and how to use it.

Green clay is the classic remedy for oily and blemish-prone skin, but it only works when used correctly. What it is, what benefits it offers, which skin types it is suitable for, and how to apply it.