INGREDIENT GLOSSARY

The skin produces cortisol on its own, and when it produces too much, its appearance changes. Tephrosia purpurea seed extract acts on this process: what the data show and who it benefits.

Extracted from chamomile, bisabolol is the best-tolerated soothing active in cosmetics: it reduces redness and irritation. What is it really used for, how does it differ from alpha-bisabolol, and which formulations contain it?

With around 70% linoleic acid, it is one of the lightest oils in cosmetics, also suitable for oily skin. Its true properties, how to use it pure on the face, and why the extraction method matters.

Tea tree oil is one of the most extensively studied botanical actives for oily, blemish-prone skin. How it acts on Cutibacterium acnes, the concentrations used, and the precautions to be aware of.

Burdock root (Arctium lappa) is rich in polyphenols and inulin. That’s why it is one of the most widely used botanicals in formulas for oily and acne-prone skin.

Puerarin is the main isoflavone in Kudzu. How it affects oxidative stress, why phytoestrogens are of interest during menopause, and which formulations to look for.

It contains allantoin, glycolic acid, elastin, and hyaluronic acid: it hydrates, smooths, and soothes. What do the data really say about its properties, how should it be used in the evening, and which skin types would benefit from choosing it?