INGREDIENT GLOSSARY

They are the building blocks of proteins and peptides, and the skin already contains them in the Natural Moisturizing Factor. How they support hydration, collagen, and elasticity.

Rose water is a hydrosol with soothing and mildly astringent properties. What does it really contain, which skin types is it suitable for, and how can you incorporate it into your routine?

With around 1,000 mg/kg of tocopherols, it surpasses argan oil in antioxidant capacity. Why is it so expensive, and how is it used in a nighttime skincare routine?

Rich in gamma-oryzanol and vitamin E, rice bran oil nourishes without weighing the skin down. How it works on dry, mature skin and which formulations contain it.

Vitamin C and niacinamide can be used together, and they work even better as a pair: the myth of their incompatibility stems from outdated studies. How to combine them and in what order to apply them.

Retinol is the anti-aging active ingredient with the strongest evidence, but also the easiest to misuse. How it works, how to introduce it without causing irritation, and what alternatives are available.

Yes, they can be used together: salicylic acid penetrates the pore and dissolves sebum, while niacinamide strengthens the skin barrier and reduces redness. Which order should you apply them in, and which one should you choose if you only use one?